77 year old male with SOB
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I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with diagnosis and treatment plan
The patient/ attender was informed the purpose of the information being acquired. An informed consent was taken from patient/ attender and there is omission of information that was requested to be omitted.
CONSENT WAS GIVEN BY BOTH PATIENT AND ATTENDERS
Case discussion:
A 72 year old male patient fruit vendor by occupation was brought to the OPD with a chief complaint of shortness of breath (SOB) since the past two months.
History of presenting illness:
Patient was apparently asymptomatic 7 years back, later he developed chest pain and was taken to a hospital (no records of that visit).
2 years age there was a complaint of bilateral knee pain and is on medication for it ( unknown medication). He was also diagnosed with hypertension to which he took medicatIon for 4-5 days and stopped. At present he uses an unknown medication occasionally for HTN.
2 months ago he developed SOB that was insideous in onset and progressive from grade 2 to grade 3 ( increase in grade with walking)( grade 2 to grade3). Symptoms increased in severity since the past week, associated with wheezing. Not associated with cold, cough, chest pain, palpitations, fever. There is no postural or diurnal variation. There is no history of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
Past history:
Patient is a known case of HTN since the past 2 years.
There is no H/O diabetes, asthma, epilepsy or tuberculosis.
Family history: Not associated
Personal history:
Diet: mixed
Appetite: normal
Bowel movements: reduced
Bladder: increased frequency
Sleep: adequate
Addictions: none
Allergies: none known as of now
Treatment history:
Osteoarthritis: not compliant with treatment
HTN: not compliant with treatment
General examination:
Patient was conscious, coherent and not cooperative with the examination. He was well built and nourished.
Vitals: BP: 126/78. Pulse: 84 bpm. RR: 27 cpm. Temp: afebrile to touch
Pallor: present
Icterus: absent
Cyanosis: absent
Clubbing: absent
Lymphadenopathy: absent
Oedema: present( pedal)
Systemic examination:
Patient was examined in a well lit room in a sitting position.
Respiratory system:
Inspection: *Upper respiratory tract (oral cavity, nose and oropharynx) appears normal.
*Chest appears b/l symmetrical and elliptical in shape.
*Respiratory movements appear equal on both sides
*Abdominothoracic type of breathing
*No signs of volume loss
*No dilated veins, scars, sinuses, visible pulsations
Palpation: Patient was not compliant
Percussion: Patient was not compliant
Auscultation: Left side wheeze heard in mammary region.
CVS:
Inspection:*Chest wall normal shape
*No pericardial bulge
*No scars present
*No intercostal retraction
Palpation: patient was not compliant
Auscultation: S1 and S2 heard, no murmurs.
*JVP appreciated on first day of admission
CNS: No focal neurological deficits
Per abdomen: soft, non tender, bowel sounds heard.
Provisional diagnosis:
Right heart failure with cor pulmonale (pulmonary HTN?, COPD?)
Investigations:
Haemogram
Xray chest
Xray knee joints
ECG: Shows right axis deviation
2D echo
Mangement:
-T.dytor/po/od -5 days
-Nebuliser a/W Dulin and Budecort 12th hourly
-Salt restriction/2g /day
-T.Telma 40 mg po /od in the morning
-Lasix 40 mg iv twice a day
-Hydrocort inj 100mg iv
-BP monitoring 4th hourly
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